University of Madras Introduces Certificate Course on Vatican II Studies

The University of Madras has launched a new Certificate Programme in Vatican II Studies, becoming one of the first universities in India to offer an academic course dedicated to the Second Vatican Council. The programme has been introduced in collaboration with Church institutions to help students, researchers, clergy, religious, and lay faithful gain a deeper understanding of one of the most significant events in the modern history of the Catholic Church.

The Second Vatican Council, held between 1962 and 1965, brought important reforms to the Catholic Church. It encouraged greater participation of the faithful in the liturgy, promoted dialogue with people of other religions, strengthened the Church’s missionary vision, and highlighted the role of the laity in the life of the Church.

The new certificate course will introduce participants to the history, teachings, and lasting impact of the Council. Topics include Church renewal, ecumenism, interreligious dialogue, social teaching, and the mission of Christians in the modern world. The programme aims to make these teachings accessible to both academic learners and members of the wider community.

University officials said the course reflects the institution’s commitment to promoting serious academic study of religion and its contribution to society. Church leaders have welcomed the initiative, saying it will help a new generation better understand the vision of Vatican II and apply its teachings in today’s world. The programme is expected to attract students from different educational backgrounds who are interested in theology, history, philosophy, and religious studies. Organisers hope it will encourage thoughtful discussion and deeper appreciation of the Council’s continuing relevance in both the Church and society.

Faith Brings New Hope to Assam Village Once Known for Alcoholism

A village in Assam that was once widely known for alcoholism has undergone a remarkable transformation through the power of faith, community effort, and personal commitment. Today, the village is being recognised as an example of how spiritual renewal and collective action can change lives for the better.

For many years, alcohol addiction created serious problems for families in the village. Domestic conflicts, financial struggles, poor health, and lack of educational opportunities affected many households. Community leaders and Church members realised that lasting change would require more than social programmes. They began encouraging families to rebuild their lives through faith, prayer, and mutual support.

Over time, regular prayer gatherings, family visits, youth activities, and awareness programmes helped many people overcome alcohol addiction. Families that had once struggled with conflict gradually experienced peace and stability. Children were encouraged to continue their education, and many villagers became more active in community development.

Church leaders say the transformation was possible because people worked together with determination and hope. Faith inspired individuals to make positive life choices, while the support of neighbours helped them remain committed to those changes. The village also became an example of how spiritual values can strengthen social harmony and improve the quality of life. Today, visitors see a community that has regained its confidence and unity. Residents believe their journey shows that no situation is beyond hope when people are willing to work together with faith and perseverance. The story continues to inspire other communities facing similar challenges and demonstrates how faith can become a powerful force for lasting social transformation.

FABC delegates envision a synodal Church that builds bridges across Asia

On Thursday afternoon (July 23), delegates to the 12th Plenary Assembly of the Federation of Asian Bishops’ Conferences (FABC) presented the fruits of their Table Conversations, offering a panoramic view of the hopes, struggles, and aspirations emerging from local Churches across the continent. Although each table reflected different national contexts and pastoral realities, a remarkable consensus emerged: the Church in Asia is being called to become an ever more credible bridge builder in a world increasingly marked by division.

The reporting session followed several hours of small-group discussions in which cardinals, bishops, priests, religious, and lay delegates reflected on two questions that have become central to the Assembly’s discernment: How can the Church respond to today’s geopolitical, social, and cultural realities as a builder of bridges? And what conversion is required for local Churches to become more missionary and synodal?

The answers, though expressed in different voices, revealed a common awareness that Asia stands at a critical moment.

Across the continent, delegates described societies struggling with war, political polarization, aggressive nationalism, religious extremism, forced migration, environmental degradation, widening economic inequality, and the rapid transformation brought by artificial intelligence and digital communication. Many also spoke of fractured families, declining trust in institutions, misinformation amplified through social media, and young people searching for meaning in an increasingly fragmented world.

Yet the reports were strikingly hopeful. Rather than allowing these realities to define the Church’s future, delegates repeatedly described them as invitations to renew the Church’s missionary vocation.

Cardinal Kikuchi of Tokyo: ‘Church in Asia lives diverse realities, but one faith’

Cardinal Tarcisius Isao Kikuchi of Tokyo, Secretary General of the Federation of Asian Bishops’ Conferences, reflects on the fruits of the FABC Plenary Assembly, highlighting faith, the protection of human dignity, and an urgent pastoral response to migration as shared priorities for the Church across Asia.

“Through these three days, we had the opportunity to deepen our understanding of our own reality in Asia and our understanding that we exist across really diverse realities but are united in one faith, one Body of Christ.”

Cardinal Tarcisius Isao Kikuchi, SVD, Archbishop of Tokyo and Secretary General of the FABCexpressed this as he reflected on the FABC Plenary Assembly which opened on Monday in Jakarta, Indonesia, and concludes Sunday, in an interview with Vatican News. More than 120 Cardinals and Bishops from across Asia have gathered to pray and reflect on the Church’s mission across the continent.

Cardinal Kikuchi presided over the Eucharistic Celebration on the Assembly’s opening day. The days have been full of mutual sharing, and, on Thursday, delegates participating in the Assembly presented the results of their table discussions.

As the plenary continues, Vatican News spoke with the Archbishop of Tokyo about the Assembly, but also about the Church in Japan, and Pope Leo XIV’s encyclical Magnifica humanitas.

As the answer to the question: Your Eminence, what do you see as the main fruits of the FABC Plenary Assembly so far? What have been the principal themes and priorities of your discussions? Cardinal Kikuchi said, The Church in Asia exists in the diverse realities of culture, language, politics and economy, but one thing is common among most of us: we are an absolute minority in society, except in the Philippines. So far, we have only had three days, from Tuesday to Thursday, of reflection and sharing our experiences. We had members share three-minute video presentations on the first day, a day of prayer and Conversation in the Spirit led by Cardinal Tagle on Wednesday, and on Thursday, a day of learning about the changing socio-political landscape of Asia and sharing the reality of our local Churches.

Through these three days, we had the opportunity to deepen our understanding of our own reality in Asia and to deepen our awareness that we live in really diverse realities but are united in one faith, one Body of Christ. We shared the challenges and opportunities for mission based on local realities and found some common elements, especially the importance of dialogue. We are searching for the best way to be bridges ourselves, but also bridge-builders among people and together with people through dialogue—with diverse cultures, with people, especially the poor, amid the diverse reality of numerous religions and in responding to the ecological crisis.

Asia is an extraordinarily diverse continent. What have you learned from your brother Bishops during this assembly?

Drastic waves of migration in Asia call for immediate pastoral attention in many countries. Also, the protection of human dignity is a priority in many countries. Though each country has its own situation and problems, we can seek ways of cooperation among the Church communities in Asia. What the respective Church communities in Asia need is mutual understanding of each other’s realities and mutual cooperation. All my brother Bishops, despite their diverse realities, are asking for recognition of their circumstances and for support, especially spiritual support, from one another. (NB. There were also questions and answers which are not presented here).

Fr. Faltas: The West Bank bleeds, listen to the Pope’s appeals to stop the violence

Israel: Fr. Ibrahim Faltas, Head of Schools of the Custody of the Holy Land, deplores the situation in the West Bank and issues a warning both to those who fuel the violence and to those “who fail to intervene to stop this endless spiral.” He expresses hope that the elections announced in Israel and Palestine will bring “new balance and genuine justice to both peoples.”

  Once again, violence is intensifying in the Holy Land—a violence that has never left this land. It escalates into further acts of revenge, lengthens the lists of the dead and the destruction, narrows the prospects for peace, and shuts minds and hearts behind barbed-wire fences.

The West Bank is burning, bleeding, crying out in pain and suffering.

Like Gaza, the West Bank has become a territory that has lost its scale and its spaces, a place that is no longer recognizable—a land physically and socially divided, scarred by deep wounds, and affronted in its historical identity.

Every corner of this land suffers violence and destruction every day; every inhabitant endures deprivation, restrictions, suffering, and humiliation that grow worse with each passing day.

People are dying in an unofficial war, undeclared but that continues, constant and widespread. There have been countless fires in homes and on land. It is no longer possible to travel from one city to another – even if they’re very close – whether for medical emergencies, to work, to help relatives, or to defend small family properties that have been illegally occupied and seized by aggressive and violent settlers. They suffocate the hopes of young people, who can no longer even imagine their own future. They destroy the expectations of those who worked hard to build the past and the present. They shatter the smiles and dreams of children who see their land burned, restricted, and drained of colour.

Cardinal Tagle: Friendship reveals the face of Jesus and the Church

Cardinal Luis Antonio Tagle and Cardinal Jose Advincula urged Catholics at the 12th Philippine Conference on the New Evangelization to embrace authentic friendship and patient accompaniment as essential paths to evangelization, Christian discipleship, and communion.

Authentic friendship is not simply a human relationship but a privileged path for evangelization, one that makes the face of Jesus and the Church visible in people’s lives, Cardinal Luis Antonio Tagle said during the 12th Philippine Conference on the – New Evangelization (PCNE XII).

Speaking at the “Heart-to-Heart: Friendship and Accompaniment with Cardinal Chito Tagle” dialogue at the Pontifical University of Santo Tomas in Manila, the Pro-Prefect of the Dicastery for Evangelization encouraged Catholics to cultivate friendships marked by truth, charity, and faithful accompaniment.

Throughout the dialogue, Cardinal Tagle emphasized that genuine friendship requires openness, patience, and the courage to speak the truth with love.

“Do not be afraid to build friendships,” he said. “The seeds of friendship that you sow now will become the harvest of vocation in the future.”

He noted that authentic friends are not merely sources of comfort but also companions willing to offer honest guidance.

“Sometimes, a true friend has the courage to tell you the things you do not want to hear,” he said.

Cardinal Tagle stressed that friendship also has a missionary dimension. “We should not discount the role of friendship in making the face of Jesus, the face of the Church, real to people.” He also linked friendship with Christian stewardship, describing care for creation and for one another as a concrete response to God’s love. “Caring for creation and for each other as a response to the Creator—that is an act of friendship.”

Concluding the dialogue, the cardinal reminded participants that every authentic Christian friendship begins with Christ.

“What brought us together here is our common friendship with the Lord, who was the first to consider us His friends,” he said. Now in its twelfth edition, the Philippine Conference on the New Evangelization brings together bishops, priests, religious, and lay faithful to reflect on friendship as an essential expression of Christian discipleship and mission.

Lavos, the most heavily bombed country in the worlding the Vietnam War, the United

“My name is Yeng-Chang Cheung-Wu. I come from Xieng Khouang Province in Laos and I work for the Mines Advisory Group. MAG is an international humanitarian organisation that clears and destroys landmines, cluster munitions and other unexploded ordnance in areas affected by conflict. We have been working in Laos for more than thirty years to help communities live safely and build a better future. My country is still scarred by unexploded ordnance (UXO) left behind by a war that ended more than fifty years ago.” Yeng-Chang Cheung-Wu’s testimony to Vatican News sheds light on one of the least known chapters of the Cold War—a story marked by at least three striking paradoxes.

First, Laos is the most heavily bombed country in history relative to its population, yet its story remains largely forgotten. Second, the conflict was never officially declared. Unable to wage war openly against a country recognised as neutral, the United States carried out a massive bombing campaign that became known as the “Secret War”. The third paradox is its enduring legacy: millions of cluster munitions failed to explode. An estimated 80 million unexploded bomblets are still scattered across the country, and in 2024 alone unexploded ordnance caused 48 casualties, a reminder that, for many Laotians, the war has never truly ended.

To understand this story, it is necessary to go back to 1954, when the French defeat at Dien Bien Phu at the hands of the Viet Minh ended nearly a century of colonial rule in Indochina. The Geneva Accords recognised the independence of Laos and Cambodia and declared them as neutral states, while Vietnam was temporarily divided along the 17th parallel: the communist North under Ho Chi Minh and the U.S.-backed South, pending elections that were never held.

The newly independent Laos, however, faced two challenges from the outset. A civil war pitted the royal government against the communist Pathet Lao, backed by North Vietnam. At the same time, its geography made the country strategically vital. Running through the forested Annamite Mountains was much of the Ho Chi Minh Trail, the logistical network used by Hanoi to move troops, weapons and supplies into South Vietnam. Although parts of the trail also crossed Vietnam and Cambodia, Laos became its principal corridor, turning a formally neutral country into a key battlefield of the Cold War.

President Ortega of Nicaragua announces there will be ‘no more elections’

Marking the 47th anniversary of the 1979 Sandinista Revolution, President of Nicaragua Daniel Ortega announces that there will be no more elections that would allow his opponents to try to win control of the government.

The first signs came last year, when President Daniel Ortega introduced a series of constitutional reforms that, among other measures, made his wife, Rosario Murillo, “co-president” and extended the presidential term to six years.

Now comes confirmation of his intention to keep his hold on power with last Sunday’s announcement, made during the celebrations for the 47th anniversary of the 1979 Sandinista Revolution, that there will be no more elections allowing his opponents to attempt to take control of the government.

The move by the 80-year-old president, who has remained continuously in power since 2007 following an earlier presidential term in the 1980s, would effectively eliminate any remaining space for the opposition, although he did not explain how elections would be formally abolished. The announcement comes ahead of the next election, originally scheduled for November 2027.

The most recent elections, held in 2021, were widely disputed after Ortega ordered the arrest of opposition figures and members of the business community and crushed dissent.

According to Juan Sebastián Chamorro, a candidate in the 2021 election who remained imprisoned until his release to the United States in 2023 together with more than 200 other political prisoners, the move confirms a long-standing plan to concentrate power in the hands of the Sandinista party.

According to the Mechanism for Recognition of Political Prisoners, an organization that operates largely from exile and documents cases of politically motivated detention in Nicaragua, at least 46 people are currently being held for political reasons.

Following the U.S. operation in Venezuela that in January led to the capture of Nicolás Maduro, the Nicaraguan government announced that it would release additional dissidents.

Since 2018, Nicaragua has shut down more than 5,000 organizations, most of them religious, forcing thousands of people to leave the country.

At the beginning of July, the Ortega-Murillo government revoked the professional licenses of a large number of lawyers, in what United Nations experts described as a full-scale purge of the legal profession.

UN Report: 645 million people faced hunger in 2025

The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI) Report, prepared by five UN agencies, reveals that nearly eight percent of the world’s population experienced hunger last year and that, despite documented improvements, the phenomenon still affects nearly 650 million people worldwide.

The report, prepared by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World Food Programme (WFP), the World Health Organization (WHO), the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF), and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), was launched at FAO headquarters in Rome this week.

At the launch, the FAO highlighted that the figure of 645 million indicates global hunger has declined across continents, with 14 million fewer people experiencing hunger than in 2024 and 43 million fewer than at the 2022 peak. It also noted that food security improved substantially, especially in South America and Southern Asia.

However, the UN agencies warn that the numbers remain alarming and that urgent action is needed, as geopolitical tensions and climate-related risks could threaten global food systems.

In an interview with Reuters, FAO Chief Economist Máximo Torero said that disruptions to shipping through the Strait of Hormuz, a key route for energy and agricultural inputs, are among the greatest immediate concerns, especially because such disruptions drive up prices for fuel, fertilizers and transportation, increasing food production costs worldwide.

Moreover, the FAO economist observed that a potentially strong El Niño weather pattern could add further pressure by disrupting agricultural production in vulnerable regions.

At the report’s launch, FAO Director-General Dr. Qu Dongyu said the report’s findings demonstrate “that determined policy action can deliver results.”

However, despite the positive developments, the Director-General insisted that work must continue to sustain and accelerate recent gains.

The report found that some 309 million people in Africa remain undernourished and rapid population growth could result in the absolute number of hungry people increasing in the coming years.

While the prevalence of hunger on the continent declining from 20.3 percent in 2024 to 20.0 percent in 2025, which marked the first interruption of Africa’s upward hunger trend since 2017, the UN agencies reiterate that one in five Africans is facing hunger.

The UN agencies present a worrying global outlook. Looking ahead, the report projects that around 520 million people could still face hunger in 2030, putting the world off track to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 2 (Zero Hunger).

Israel prepares ‘extensive’ West Bank operation after deadly shooting near Tal

The Israeli Defence Forces are preparing an extensive operation in the West Bank following a deadly incident near the Palestinian village of Tal.

Israel’s military says it is preparing an “extensive” operation in the occupied West Bank, after a shooting near the Palestinian village of Tal left six people dead.

Four Palestinians and two Israelis were killed. It is the deadliest single incident in the area in months.

Palestinians told international media that villagers had confronted Jewish settlers who were attacking them, and that Israeli soldiers then arrived and opened fire, according to one eyewitness.

The Israeli military said it had responded to reports of an attack on hikers. It said armed individuals it described as “terrorists” took the weapon of a security guard, killed him, and were then shot dead by soldiers. A second Israeli, a soldier, was also killed. The three other Palestinians who died were reportedly members of the same family.

The circumstances of their deaths have not been independently confirmed.

The Israel Defence Forces said afterwards that it was preparing “extensive counterterrorism operational activity in the sector.”

Settler attacks on Palestinians and their property have risen sharply in the West Bank since the war in Gaza began, triggered by the Hamas-led attack on Israel on 7 October 2023.

The shooting comes days after thousands of Israeli settlers, accompanied by government ministers and under heavy police protection, entered the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound in Jerusalem’s Old City — a move that drew condemnation across the Middle East.

The Arab League said such incursions had become significantly more frequent in recent months, describing them as part of a wider effort to change arrangements governing the site. The compound, revered by Muslims as Al-Haram Al-Sharif and by Jews as the Temple Mount, is among the most sensitive religious sites in the region. Under a decades-old arrangement, Muslims may pray there; non-Muslims may visit but not perform religious rites.