According to an analysis of Pew Centre surveys of 34 European countries, there are clear differences in religion from East to West and from North to South.

The further south and east one goes in Europe, in general, the more Catholic a country is. And the further east one goes, the more conservative it is as well.

In 1910, for example, the continent was home to 65% of the world’s Catholics. A century later, that number has plummeted, to 24%.

So where have all the Catholics gone? Latin America, Pew points out, now hosts more Catholics (39% of the world’s Catholics) than Europe or any other region. Sub-Saharan Africa has 16%, and the Asia-Pacific region 12%.

But the European countries with the largest shares of Catholics are mostly located in southern and central Europe. “For example, at least threequarters of adults in Poland (87%), Italy (78%) and Portugal (77%) identify as Catholic, as well as majorities in Spain (60%) and Hungary (56%),” Pew points out on its blog, Fact Tank. “But there are exceptions to this pattern: Ireland is 72% Catholic, and 75% of Lithuanians are Catholic. There are also sizable Catholic populations scattered throughout the rest of the continent, including in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands (19% each), as well as Ukraine (10%).”

Catholics in Central and Eastern Europe are more likely to say they attend church monthly (median of 44% vs. 33%), pray daily (36% vs. 13%), consider religion very important in their lives (31% vs. 13%), and believe in God (91% vs. 80%).