The German prelate who serves on Pope Francis’ advisory body of cardinals has called for the Catholic Church to adopt “fundamental, systemic change” in order to address the continuing clergy sexual abuse crisis. Cardinal Reinhard Marx, one of nine members on the Council of Cardinals, suggested discussions about such change could focus on three areas: adoption of “good governance” practices, compliance with safeguarding norms, and a focus on creating a “higher degree of accountability” for church leaders. “There can be no restoration of the church’s credibility without fundamental, systemic change,” Marx told participants of an Oct. 5 event at the Pontifical Gregorian University for the inauguration of the institution’s new graduate-level degree in safeguarding.

The cardinal also praised survivors of clergy abuse for coming forward.

“We must be grateful to the public pressure, the criticisms and the voice of the survivors… which help us to improve,” he said. Marx, the archbishop of Munich and Freising, also serves as the president of the German bishops’ conference, which recently released a report indicating there had been an estimated 3,700 sexual abuse cases in the country over the past seven decades.

At the Sept. 25 press conference releasing that report, the cardinal apologized for the abuse, saying it had been “covered up for far too long.”

During his address at the inauguration of the new degree program at the Gregorian, being offered by the university’s Centre for Child Protection, Marx said the abuse scandals “have plunged the church into one of its most serious crises worldwide, raising many questions and challenges for the future.” “This is challenging, exhausting, but at the same time without alternative,” said the cardinal. “We must help together to promote a variety of constructive initiatives and create synergies.”

“Leadership must be learned and practiced,” said the cardinal, adding that it is “absolutely unacceptable to say” that those who are ordained become leaders “simply by being ordained.”